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編者按：IETLS考試中關聯(lián)詞起著很重要的作用，無論是在雅思作文中還是口語測試中熟悉這些常用的關聯(lián)詞，對你的考試會有非常重要的作用。
常用的關聯(lián)詞分為十一大類：
一． Addition
in addition
，and，similarly，likewise，as well as，besides，furthermore，also
，moreover，and
then，too ，not only ... but，even，besides this/that
二． Sequence
first(ly) ，initially，second(ly) etc.，to begin
with，then，next，earlier/later，after this/that
following
this/that，afterwards
三． Consequence
as a result
，thus，so，therefore，consequently，it follows that，thereby，eventually，then，in that
case，admittedly
四． Contrast
however ，on the other
hand，despite，in spite of，though，although，but，on the contrary
otherwise，yet，instead of，rather，whereas，nonetheless，even though，
compared with，in contrast，alternatively
五． Certainty
obviously ，certainly，plainly，of course，undoubtedly
六． Condition
if ，unless，whether，provided that，for，so that，whether，depending on
七． Definition
is ，refers to，means，that is，consists of
八．
Summary
in conclusion ，in summary，lastly，finally，to sum up，to
conclude，to recapitulate
in short
九． Example
for
instance ，one example，for example，just as，in particular，such as ，namely
to illustrate
十． Reason
since ，as，so，because(of)，due
to，owing to，the reason why，in other words
leads to，cause
十一．
Time
before ，since，as，until，meanwhile，at the moment，when，whenever，
as soon as，just as
(特約編輯Realist)
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